Teachers are expected to establish and embody an innovative teaching behavior that includes idea generation, idea championing, idea implementation, and opportunity exploration that are necessary for them to cope to the rapid educational changes. Additionally, innovative work environment also contributes to the teacher’s task motivation. The purpose of the study is to find out if innovative teaching behavior and environment promotes elementary school teacher’s task motivation . Specifically, it seeks to answer the following questions. 1) To what extent does innovative teaching behavior manifest in teachers in terms of: Idea Generation; Idea Championing; Idea Implementation; and Opportunity Exploration? 2) What are the perceptions of teacher’s relative innovative work environment in terms of: Flexible Working Place; Inspiring Interior; Venues for relaxation; and Sense of Ownership? 3) What are the perceptions of teachers relative to task motivation in terms of: Responsibility; Achievement; Self-Development; and Independence? 4) Is there significant relationship between innovative teaching behavior and task motivation? 5) Is there significant relationship between innovative teaching environment and task motivation? Results revealed a significant relationship between innovative teaching behavior and task motivation, except for the domain of innovative teaching behavior particularly Idea Generation to the dimensions of task motivation in terms achievement and self-development. It also revealed a significant relationship between the Innovative Teaching Environment and Task Motivation. Thus, the hypotheses are rejected.

Public relation (PR) in tourism activities promotes the destination and contributes to build reputation and trust with tourists. PR is also regarded as an effective tool supporting different perspectives of tourism. Law plays a crucial role in determining and ensuring the accuracy, legality, and ethics of tourism promotion campaigns within the context that tourism is becoming a key economic sector in Vietnam. This study focuses on clarifying the practical implementation of PR through tourism promotion activities according to Vietnam Law.

The increasing responsibilities of the school heads as school leaders led to the analysis of management competency of school heads perceived by the public elementary grade teachers of Lucena West District. The study revealed that the school heads’ management competencies are evident in terms of instructional skills, personnel skills, and financial skills as perceived by the schoolteachers. Findings showed that there is no significant difference in the perceived level of management competency between male and female teacher-respondents in personnel skills, except in instructional skills in terms of visibility and career motivation. There is also a significant difference between the perception of male and female respondents about the management competency in financial skills in terms of audit or financial control. There is no significant difference in the perceived level of management competency between male and female school heads, except in instructional skills in terms of instructional time as perceived by the school heads. There is a positive and significant relationship between the independent variable, perceived management competency and the dependent variable, school leadership in all the dimensions based on the perception of the teacher-respondents. Therefore, the school heads in the division may utilize the findings of the study in developing an employee enhancement program based on all the indicators considered. In addition, due to the limited number of school heads needed for accurate analyses of the relationships of the factors under management competency and school leadership, more samples for the school heads as respondents should be considered in future research.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a major impact on business and project activities, particularly due to the lack of information about it. The experience of the pandemic indicated that due to the unknown nature of it and lack of suitable models, there was no clear strategy for managing projects in the crisis condition. Thus, the main objective of this paper is to develop a project management model for crisis situations and identify effective strategies to reduce project vulnerability during the pandemic period. For this purpose, a systematic review method was used. Based on this method, first the relevant articles were searched, then the relationships between their key concepts were plotted using VOSviewer, and finally 78 sources were selected in several steps. The results are presented in the form of answering research questions as well as developing a conceptual model that includes project management strategies in pre-crisis, crisis time and post-crisis situations. Accordingly, it can be said that Covid-19 pandemic has all characteristics of a serious crisis. Its origin is often external, and it usually happens all at once, so it reduces the opportunity for planning. Finally, it can last and continue. In addition, the model identifies key policy makers, participants, and project implementers in times of pandemic crisis. It is expected that the use of this model and strategies increase the PM’s knowledge and capabilities in crisis management in projects.

The study generally aimed to let selected grade 5 learners had the mastery on Four-Fundamental Operations using the ingenious board game, ROPE and RACE. This is a Quasi-Experimental research design using purposive sampling technique in selecting Grade 5 learners who were identified as low performer in the basic mathematical skills which are the four-fundamental operations. The results of the score of the respondents were 51.50 in the pre-test and 90.13 in the post-test. The increase of 38.63 justified that there was an improvement in the performance of the learners. It implies that the respondent shows mastery in performing the four-fundamental operations in mathematics. Based from the computed t-value which was compared to critical p-value, there was a highly significant difference in the performance of selected Grade 5 learners. This shown that the use of ROPE and RACE board game was effective. This study is limited to 20 struggling learners in grade 5 in performing the fourfundamental operations and got the score of 20 and below. It covered the second quarter of the school year 2021-2022. With this implication in the educative process, the use of ingenious board game, ROPE and RACE, gives mastery to learners in performing the four-fundamental operations. The mechanics of the board game commit the mathematical skills and ability of the selected 20 Grade 5 learners in mastering the four-fundamental operations in mathematics. As a result, the intervention was effective and highly proposed.

Historical perceptive clearly shows the agriculture cannot absorb all the growth of the rural workforce but the imperative role of non-agricultural activities recognized recently. Majority of the rural workforce is giving up farming and moving to the non-agricultural sector in rural areas. A change in the structure of jobs in rural areas is a prerequisite for the process of rural transformation. Kerala remained at the top around 73 %, while Punjab exhibited second position at rural non-farm sector (RNFS) with a labor force of 46.36% in 2011. Intergenerational Change in Occupation is noted as per the present study, as nearly 90% respondents experienced change of occupations from father to respondents. Reliance on RNFS by rural families was significantly higher in the developed region compared to the developing or backward region.

This study combines Cognitive Semantics Analysis (CSA) and Qualitative Method (QM) to delve into the intricate interplay between language, culture, and emotion within Indonesian proverbs. Through a comprehensive examination of a diverse selection of proverbs, the study aims to uncover the inherent expressions of joy and happiness encoded in these linguistic gems. By applying the lens of CSA, the study strives to reveal the underlying conceptual structures that shape the joyful nuances within these proverbs. The QM further facilitates the exploration of cultural connotations and sociolinguistic aspects that contribute to the manifestation of joy in the proverbs. The results show that (1) the intricate web of metaphorical mappings formed the basis of joy expression in Indonesian proverbs, such as nature-centered metaphors, community and sharing, achievements and success, and festivals and rituals, and (2) the joy-related proverbs served as significant cultural markers that reflected historical events, religious beliefs, and communal values. This study deepens our understanding of the rich cultural and emotional tapestry woven into the Indonesian language. It sheds light on the broader realm of cognitive semantics analysis in studying idiomatic expressions and their emotional underpinnings.

This study combines Cognitive Semantics Analysis (CSA) and Qualitative Method (QM) to delve into the intricate interplay between language, culture, and emotion within Indonesian proverbs. Through a comprehensive examination of a diverse selection of proverbs, the study aims to uncover the inherent expressions of joy and happiness encoded in these linguistic gems. By applying the lens of CSA, the study strives to reveal the underlying conceptual structures that shape the joyful nuances within these proverbs. The QM further facilitates the exploration of cultural connotations and sociolinguistic aspects that contribute to the manifestation of joy in the proverbs. The results show that (1) the intricate web of metaphorical mappings formed the basis of joy expression in Indonesian proverbs, such as nature-centered metaphors, community and sharing, achievements and success, and festivals and rituals, and (2) the joy-related proverbs served as significant cultural markers that reflected historical events, religious beliefs, and communal values. This study deepens our understanding of the rich cultural and emotional tapestry woven into the Indonesian language. It sheds light on the broader realm of cognitive semantics analysis in studying idiomatic expressions and their emotional underpinnings.